Hired and non owned auto insurance protects home care agencies when employees use personal vehicles for work. When your caregivers drive their personal vehicles to visit clients, you face significant liability risks that most home care agency owners don’t fully understand. A single accident involving an employee’s car during work hours could result in a lawsuit against your agency, even though you don’t own the vehicle. This is where hired and non owned auto insurance becomes essential protection for your business.
Hired and non-owned auto insurance, commonly called hired and non owned auto insurance coverage, protects your home care agency when employees use personal vehicles for work-related activities or when you rent vehicles for business purposes. This specialized coverage fills critical gaps that standard commercial auto policies don’t address, making it a required coverage for most home care agencies nationwide.
Understanding hired and non-owned auto insurance isn’t just about compliance with contract requirements. It’s about protecting your agency from potentially devastating financial liability when your caregivers are on the road serving clients. Let’s explore everything you need to know about this essential coverage.
What is Hired and Non-Owned Auto Insurance?
Hired and non-owned auto insurance provides liability coverage for your home care agency when employees drive vehicles that your business doesn’t own. This coverage protects your agency in two distinct situations that occur regularly in home care operations.
Non-owned auto coverage protects your agency when employees use their personal vehicles for work-related purposes. In home care, this happens daily as caregivers drive from client to client, travel to training sessions, or run work-related errands. If your caregiver causes an accident while driving to a client’s home, the injured party can sue both your employee and your agency. Non-owned auto insurance protects your business in these situations.
Hired auto coverage protects your agency when you rent or lease vehicles for business purposes. This might include renting a van for employee training, leasing a vehicle for a new service area, or borrowing a vehicle temporarily. Even short-term rentals create liability exposure that hired auto insurance addresses.
The key distinction that confuses many agency owners is understanding what hired and non-owned auto insurance doesn’t cover. This coverage provides liability protection only, meaning it covers damages your agency becomes legally obligated to pay to others. It doesn’t cover physical damage to the employee’s vehicle or the employee’s injuries. Those fall under the employee’s personal auto insurance policy.
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Why Home Care Agencies Need Hired and Non Owned Auto Insurance Coverage
Home care agencies face unique transportation liability because caregivers constantly travel between client homes throughout their shifts. Unlike office workers who occasionally drive for business, your employees spend significant portions of their workday on the road. This creates substantial exposure that makes hired and non-owned auto insurance absolutely essential.
Most home care contracts explicitly require hired and non-owned auto coverage before you can begin providing services. Hospitals, managed care organizations, assisted living facilities, and state Medicaid programs typically mandate this coverage in their provider agreements. Without proof of hired and non owned auto insurance, you cannot secure or maintain these critical contracts.
The legal concept of vicarious liability creates another compelling reason why home care agencies need this protection. Under vicarious liability, employers can be held responsible for employee actions performed within the scope of employment. When your caregiver drives to a client’s home, they’re working within their job duties. If they cause an accident during this work-related travel, your agency faces potential liability even though you don’t own or control the vehicle.
Consider a real-world scenario that illustrates this risk clearly. Your caregiver is driving to their third client of the morning when they’re distracted checking the client’s address on their phone. They rear-end another vehicle at a stoplight, causing significant injuries to the other driver. The injured party’s attorney discovers your caregiver has minimum state liability limits of $25,000, but the medical bills and lost wages total $150,000. The attorney names your home care agency in the lawsuit, seeking damages beyond what the employee’s personal policy covers. Without hired and non-owned auto insurance, your agency faces this $125,000 gap with no protection.
Personal auto insurance policies contain business use exclusions that further complicate this picture. When your employee uses their personal vehicle for work purposes, their personal auto policy may deny coverage entirely or provide only limited protection. This leaves both your employee and your agency exposed to significant liability. Hired and non-owned auto insurance fills this dangerous gap.
How Hired and Non-Owned Auto Insurance Works
Understanding how hired and non-owned auto coverage actually functions helps home care agency owners appreciate its value and use it effectively. The coverage operates as excess liability insurance, meaning it pays only after the employee’s personal auto insurance limits are exhausted.
Here’s how the coverage typically responds in a claim scenario. Your caregiver causes an accident while driving to a client, resulting in $200,000 in damages to the injured party. Your employee’s personal auto policy has $100,000 in liability coverage, which pays out first. Your agency’s hired and non-owned auto policy then covers the remaining $100,000, protecting your business from this significant liability exposure.
The coverage amounts for hired and non-owned auto insurance typically range from $1 million to $2 million per occurrence, with aggregate limits of $2 million to $4 million. These limits should align with your general liability coverage to provide consistent protection across your insurance program. Most agencies carry $1 million per occurrence, though larger operations or those with higher contract requirements may need $2 million or more.
Policy terms for hired and non-owned auto insurance require careful attention to several key provisions. The definition of covered vehicles determines what types of vehicles trigger coverage. Standard policies cover personal vehicles used by employees, rental vehicles used for business, and borrowed vehicles. Some policies include restrictions on vehicle types, excluding larger vehicles like trucks over a certain size or specialty vehicles.
The definition of covered employees also matters significantly. Most policies cover all employees while acting within the scope of employment. Some policies extend to volunteers, independent contractors, or temporary workers, while others exclude these categories. Review your policy language carefully to understand who’s covered when they drive for your business.
Hired and non-owned auto insurance doesn’t cover physical damage to the vehicle itself. If your employee’s car is damaged in an accident, their personal auto policy’s collision coverage handles repairs. Your hired and non owned auto insurance policy only addresses liability to others. This limitation confuses some agency owners who assume the coverage protects employee vehicles.
Coverage Requirements by State and Contract
State insurance requirements for home care agencies vary significantly, but most states don’t explicitly mandate hired and non-owned auto coverage at the licensing level. However, this doesn’t mean you can operate without it. Contract requirements and practical liability exposure make hired and non owned auto insurance coverage essential regardless of state mandates.
State licensing requirements for home care agencies typically focus on general liability and professional liability insurance. Some states require commercial auto insurance if the agency owns vehicles, but few states specifically mandate hired and non-owned auto coverage in their licensing regulations. This creates a false sense of security for agency owners who assume that meeting state minimums provides adequate protection.
Contract requirements tell a different story entirely. Medicare and Medicaid managed care contracts almost universally require hired and non-owned auto insurance. Hospital discharge planning agreements mandate this coverage. Assisted living facility contracts include hired and non owned auto insurance requirements. Private insurance company provider agreements specify hired and non-owned auto coverage. Meeting these contract requirements isn’t optional if you want to serve these markets.
The typical contract requirement specifies $1 million per occurrence for hired and non-owned auto liability. Some contracts require $2 million per occurrence, particularly in high-cost states like California, New York, or Florida. Large healthcare systems and managed care organizations often mandate higher limits to protect against catastrophic losses.
Additional insured requirements frequently accompany hired and non-owned auto coverage mandates. Contracts may require that the healthcare facility, managed care organization, or hospital be named as an additional insured on your hired and non owned auto insurance policy. This provides direct protection to these entities if they’re named in a lawsuit arising from your employee’s accident.
State-specific considerations affect hired and non-owned auto insurance in several ways. States with high minimum auto insurance requirements like Alaska, Maine, or Wyoming may have different hired and non owned auto insurance pricing than states with low minimums. Urban states with high accident rates and expensive medical costs typically see higher hired and non owned auto insurance premiums. Rural states with long drive distances between clients may face increased exposure requiring higher limits.
Cost of Hired and Non-Owned Auto Insurance
The cost of hired and non-owned auto insurance for home care agencies varies based on several factors, but it remains one of the more affordable coverages in your insurance program. Understanding pricing factors helps you budget appropriately and potentially reduce costs.
Average costs for hired and non-owned auto coverage typically range from $500 to $2,000 annually for small home care agencies with 5 to 10 employees. Medium-sized agencies with 20 to 40 employees generally pay $1,500 to $4,000 per year. Larger operations with 50 or more employees might pay $3,000 to $8,000 or more annually. These costs represent a fraction of what you pay for workers compensation or general liability insurance.
Several factors influence the cost of your hired and non-owned auto insurance premium. The number of employees directly impacts pricing since more employees mean more drivers and increased exposure. The geographic area where you operate affects rates based on local accident frequencies, medical costs, and legal environments. States like Louisiana, Michigan, or Florida with expensive auto liability climates see higher hired and non owned auto insurance premiums.
The coverage limits you select obviously impact cost. Increasing from $1 million to $2 million per occurrence typically adds 40% to 60% to your premium. Higher aggregate limits also increase costs proportionally. However, the incremental cost for higher limits is often modest compared to the additional protection provided.
Your agency’s claims history affects pricing significantly. If your agency or employees have been involved in auto liability claims, insurers view you as higher risk and charge accordingly. A clean claims history for three to five years can result in preferred pricing and lower premiums.
The type and quality of your employee driving record screening impacts pricing. Insurers offer better rates to agencies that conduct thorough motor vehicle record checks on all employees, have written driving policies, and provide defensive driving training. These risk management practices demonstrate lower likelihood of claims.
Some cost-saving strategies can reduce your hired and non-owned auto insurance premiums without sacrificing necessary protection. Bundling hired and non owned auto insurance coverage with your general liability and professional liability through the same carrier often provides package discounts of 10% to 20%. Implementing formal driving policies and MVR screening programs may qualify you for risk management credits.
Comparing quotes from multiple carriers that specialize in home care insurance ensures competitive pricing. Not all insurance companies understand home care operations or price hired and non owned auto insurance coverage appropriately. Working with a broker who specializes in home care helps you access carriers with expertise and competitive rates for your specific industry.
HNOA vs Commercial Auto Insurance
Many home care agency owners confuse hired and non-owned auto insurance with commercial auto insurance. While both cover vehicle-related liability, they serve completely different purposes and protect against different risks. Understanding these distinctions helps you purchase appropriate coverage.
Commercial auto insurance covers vehicles that your agency owns, leases long-term, or has regular use of. If your agency owns vans, cars, or other vehicles titled in the business name, you need commercial auto insurance. This coverage protects both the vehicles themselves through physical damage coverage and provides liability protection when those owned vehicles are involved in accidents.
Hired and non-owned auto insurance covers vehicles your agency doesn’t own. This includes employee personal vehicles used for work and short-term rental vehicles. hired and non owned auto insurance coverage provides only liability protection with no physical damage coverage for the vehicles involved.
Home care agencies that own vehicles need both commercial auto insurance and hired and non-owned auto coverage. The commercial auto policy covers owned vehicles while the hired and non owned auto insurance policy covers employee personal vehicles. These coverages work together to provide complete protection for all vehicle-related liability your agency faces.
Most home care agencies operate without owned vehicles, relying entirely on employee personal vehicles for transportation. These agencies need hired and non-owned auto insurance but don’t need commercial auto insurance. This model keeps costs lower and eliminates vehicle maintenance responsibilities.
The decision whether to own vehicles or rely on employee vehicles depends on several factors. Owning vehicles provides more control over safety, branding, and reliability but requires significant capital investment and ongoing costs. Relying on employee vehicles reduces capital needs and administrative burden but creates dependence on employee vehicle reliability and increases hired and non-owned auto exposure.
Some agencies adopt a hybrid approach, owning a few vehicles for supervisors or specialized uses while having most caregivers use personal vehicles. This hybrid model requires both commercial auto insurance for owned vehicles and hired and non-owned auto insurance for employee vehicles.
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How to Get Hired and Non-Owned Auto Insurance
Obtaining hired and non-owned auto insurance for your home care agency involves a straightforward process, but working with the right insurance professional makes a significant difference in coverage quality and cost.
The first step is contacting an insurance broker who specializes in home care insurance rather than a general insurance agent. Specialized brokers understand your industry’s unique exposures, work with carriers that compete for home care business, and know appropriate coverage levels for your operations. General agents often lack this expertise and may provide inadequate coverage or overcharge for policies.
During the quote process, you’ll provide information about your agency including the number of employees, geographic service area, annual revenue, types of services provided, and any existing insurance coverage. The broker uses this information to request quotes from multiple carriers, allowing you to compare coverage and pricing.
When reviewing quotes, don’t focus solely on price. Examine coverage limits, policy exclusions, additional insured provisions, and the financial strength of the insurance carrier. An A-rated carrier charging slightly more may provide far better claims service and financial stability than a B-rated carrier with the lowest premium.
Most brokers can provide hired and non-owned auto coverage as an endorsement to your general liability policy or as a standalone policy. The endorsement approach often provides cost savings through package discounts and simplifies administration with fewer policies to manage. Standalone policies offer more flexibility and higher limits in some cases.
The application process typically requires completing a standard insurance application, providing copies of your current insurance policies, and sometimes submitting motor vehicle records for owners and key employees. The underwriting process takes one to three weeks for most agencies, though it can be faster for small agencies with simple operations.
Once bound, your hired and non-owned auto insurance policy takes effect on the date specified. Your broker should provide certificates of insurance showing this coverage for any entities that require proof, such as contract holders or state licensing agencies.
Employee Personal Auto Insurance Requirements
While hired and non-owned auto insurance protects your agency, you also need clear policies regarding employee personal auto insurance. Establishing and enforcing these requirements protects both your agency and your employees from coverage gaps.
Most home care agencies require employees who drive for work to maintain personal auto insurance meeting at least state minimum requirements. However, state minimums are often inadequate. Many states require only $25,000 to $50,000 in liability coverage, which doesn’t provide sufficient protection if your employee causes a serious accident during work.
Best practice suggests requiring employees to carry significantly higher liability limits on their personal auto policies. Many agencies mandate minimum liability limits of $100,000 per person and $300,000 per accident, or combined single limits of $250,000 to $300,000. These higher limits provide better protection for your employees and reduce the likelihood that claims will exceed personal policy limits and impact your agency’s hired and non-owned auto insurance.
Verifying employee auto insurance coverage should happen at hire and annually thereafter. Request copies of insurance declarations pages showing current coverage. Some agencies use automated verification services that check insurance status monthly and alert you to any lapses in employee coverage.
What happens when an employee’s auto insurance lapses creates important policy questions. Some agencies immediately suspend employees from driving duties until they provide proof of reinstated coverage. Others maintain a list of non-driving assignments for employees with lapsed insurance. Clear policies documented in employee handbooks prevent confusion and ensure consistent enforcement.
Comprehensive driver qualification programs go beyond just insurance verification. Motor vehicle record checks identify employees with poor driving histories who create excessive risk. Many agencies require clean MVRs with no more than one moving violation in three years and no DUI convictions ever. Regular MVR monitoring catches violations that occur during employment.
Creating written driving policies for employees establishes expectations and reduces accidents. Your policy should prohibit texting while driving, require seat belt use, ban driving under the influence, and establish procedures for reporting accidents. Regular training on these policies reinforces their importance.
Defensive driving training for employees who drive regularly reduces accident frequency. Many insurance carriers offer premium credits of 5% to 10% for agencies that provide annual defensive driving training. Online courses make this training convenient and affordable.
Common Exclusions and Limitations
Understanding what hired and non-owned auto insurance doesn’t cover helps you avoid dangerous gaps and disappointment during claims. Several common exclusions and limitations affect this coverage.
Physical damage to employee vehicles is excluded from hired and non-owned auto policies. If your employee’s car is damaged in an accident during work, your hired and non owned auto insurance policy provides no coverage for repairs. The employee’s personal auto policy collision coverage handles vehicle repairs. Some employees lack collision coverage, leaving them personally responsible for repair costs.
Employee injuries are not covered under hired and non-owned auto insurance. If your employee is injured in an accident while driving for work, their medical expenses come from their personal auto insurance medical payments coverage or personal injury protection, not your hired and non owned auto insurance policy. Workers compensation insurance covers job-related injuries, but many states exclude vehicle accidents if the employee has personal auto insurance.
Certain vehicle types may be excluded from hired and non-owned auto coverage. Very large vehicles over a specified weight, motorcycles, or specialty vehicles might not be covered under standard HNOA policies. Review your policy to understand vehicle type limitations and purchase additional coverage if needed.
Vehicles owned by your agency or available for regular use are excluded from hired and non-owned auto insurance. These vehicles require commercial auto insurance instead. The definition of regular use varies by policy but generally means vehicles used by your agency more than a few times per year.
Intentional acts and criminal activity fall outside hired and non-owned auto coverage. If an employee intentionally causes an accident or is involved in criminal activity when an accident occurs, your hired and non owned auto insurance policy won’t provide coverage. These exclusions are standard across all liability policies.
Coverage territory limitations specify where protection applies. Most hired and non-owned auto policies cover accidents occurring in the United States, its territories, and Canada. Mexico and other international locations require separate coverage.
The fellow employee exclusion prevents employees from suing your agency under your hired and non owned auto insurance policy if they’re injured by another employee’s driving. Workers compensation provides the exclusive remedy for employee workplace injuries in most situations.
Claims Process and What to Expect
Understanding how hired and non-owned auto insurance claims work helps you respond effectively when accidents occur and ensures proper protection for your agency.
When an employee is involved in an accident while driving for work, immediate steps are critical. Ensure everyone’s safety first and call emergency services if there are injuries. The employee should document the accident scene with photos, exchange information with other drivers, and collect witness contact information. Most importantly, the employee must report the accident to your agency immediately.
Your agency should report the accident to your insurance broker within 24 hours, even if fault is unclear. Early reporting allows your hired and non owned auto insurance carrier to investigate promptly and protect your interests. Delaying reporting can jeopardize coverage if the carrier determines that late notice prejudiced their ability to defend the claim.
The claims process typically begins with both your employee’s personal auto insurer and your hired and non-owned auto carrier investigating the accident. The personal auto insurer handles the claim up to their policy limits. If damages exceed those limits and the employee was driving for work, your hired and non owned auto insurance carrier becomes involved.
Your hired and non-owned auto insurance carrier assigns a claims adjuster who investigates the accident, evaluates liability, and determines damages. The adjuster may take statements from your employee and other parties, review police reports, and consult with accident reconstruction experts if needed.
If the claim exceeds your employee’s personal auto limits and your agency bears some liability, your hired and non owned auto insurance carrier either settles the claim or provides a defense if the matter goes to litigation. The carrier appoints attorneys, manages the legal strategy, and handles settlement negotiations.
Your cooperation during the claims process is essential. Provide requested documentation promptly, make employees available for interviews, and don’t discuss the accident with other parties or their attorneys without consulting your insurance carrier first. Your hired and non owned auto insurance policy requires cooperation, and failure to cooperate can jeopardize coverage.
The claims process duration varies significantly. Minor property damage claims with clear liability might settle in weeks. Injury claims often take months as medical treatment concludes and damages become clear. Complex cases involving serious injuries or disputed liability can take years to resolve through litigation.
How claims affect your future insurance costs depends on claim frequency and severity. A single small claim typically has minimal impact on renewal pricing. Multiple claims or one severe claim can increase premiums 20% to 50% or more at renewal. Some carriers non-renew agencies after significant claims activity.
Risk Management to Reduce Accidents
While hired and non-owned auto insurance provides essential protection, preventing accidents in the first place protects your agency better than any insurance policy. Implementing comprehensive risk management strategies reduces accidents and keeps insurance costs lower.
Motor vehicle record screening before hiring employees who will drive identifies high-risk drivers before they cause accidents. Establish clear standards for acceptable MVRs, such as no more than one moving violation in three years and no DUI convictions ever. Run MVR checks at hire and annually for continued employment.
Comprehensive driver qualification policies document your standards and create consistent application. Your policy should specify license requirements, insurance requirements, acceptable MVR criteria, and prohibited behaviors while driving. Every employee who drives for work should acknowledge these policies in writing.
Defensive driving training for all employees who drive regularly reduces accident frequency. While online courses provide convenience, in-person training often proves more effective for adult learners. Annual refresher training reinforces safe driving habits and addresses emerging risks like distracted driving.
Distracted driving policies specifically prohibit texting, phone calls, and other distractions while driving. Consider implementing technology solutions that detect and block phone use while driving. Some insurers offer premium discounts for agencies using these technologies.
Vehicle safety inspections ensure that employee vehicles meet basic safety standards. While you can’t control what vehicles employees drive, you can require that vehicles used for work pass basic safety inspections annually. This reduces the likelihood of accidents caused by mechanical failures.
Accident reporting procedures establish clear expectations for employee response to accidents. Employees should know to contact you immediately, not admit fault, document the scene thoroughly, and cooperate with investigations. Regular training on these procedures ensures employees remember them when accidents occur.
Weather and road condition policies address when employees should avoid driving due to dangerous conditions. Some agencies prohibit driving during severe weather or give employees discretion to cancel client visits if conditions are unsafe. These policies prevent accidents and demonstrate your commitment to employee safety.
Hired and Non-Owned Auto Insurance FAQs
Common questions about hired and non-owned auto insurance arise frequently. Understanding these answers helps you make informed decisions about this essential coverage.
Do all home care agencies need hired and non-owned auto insurance? Yes, virtually every home care agency needs this coverage. If employees drive their personal vehicles to client homes, trainings, or other work-related destinations, you face liability exposure that HNOA insurance protects against. Even agencies with just one employee who drives for work should carry this coverage.
Can I operate without hired and non-owned auto coverage if I don’t own any vehicles? No, you still need this coverage. hired and non owned auto insurance insurance protects against liability from employee personal vehicles and rental vehicles, not owned vehicles. In fact, agencies without owned vehicles often have higher hired and non owned auto insurance exposure because they rely entirely on employee vehicles.
What happens if my employee doesn’t have auto insurance? Your hired and non-owned auto policy typically won’t respond if your employee has no personal auto insurance, as hired and non owned auto insurance coverage is designed to be excess over personal policies. This creates a dangerous gap. You must require and verify that all employees who drive for work maintain adequate personal auto insurance.
Does hired and non-owned auto insurance cover employees driving their own cars for commuting? No, commuting to and from work is not considered work-related activity for hired and non owned auto insurance purposes. Coverage applies when employees drive during work hours for work purposes, such as traveling between client homes.
How much hired and non-owned auto coverage should I carry? Most home care agencies need $1 million per occurrence at minimum. Larger agencies or those in high-cost states should consider $2 million. Your coverage limits should align with your general liability limits and meet all contract requirements.
Is hired and non-owned auto insurance expensive? No, hired and non owned auto insurance coverage is relatively inexpensive compared to other home care insurance policies. Small agencies often pay $500 to $2,000 annually, making it one of the more affordable but essential coverages.
Can I add hired and non-owned auto coverage to my existing general liability policy? Yes, most carriers offer hired and non owned auto insurance coverage as an endorsement to general liability policies. This approach often provides cost savings through package discounts and simplifies policy management.
What should I do if an employee has an accident while driving to a client? Ensure everyone’s safety first, then have the employee document the accident and report it to you immediately. Contact your insurance broker within 24 hours to report the incident. Don’t assume the employee’s personal insurance will cover everything.
Conclusion
Hired and non-owned auto insurance represents essential protection for home care agencies whose employees drive personal vehicles for work-related purposes. This coverage fills critical gaps between employee personal auto policies and your agency’s liability exposure, protecting your business from potentially devastating lawsuits.
Understanding that hired and non-owned auto coverage operates as excess liability over employee personal auto insurance helps you appreciate both its value and its limitations. While this coverage protects your agency from liability beyond employee policy limits, it doesn’t eliminate the need for comprehensive risk management and strong employee driving policies.
The relatively modest cost of hired and non-owned auto insurance compared to the protection it provides makes this coverage a straightforward decision for virtually every home care agency. Whether you operate with five employees or five hundred, if your caregivers drive to client homes, you need this coverage.
Contract requirements from Medicare, Medicaid, hospitals, and managed care organizations make hired and non-owned auto coverage practically mandatory for agencies serving these markets. Even if you could operate without this coverage from a legal standpoint, practical business realities require it.
Implementing comprehensive driver qualification programs, motor vehicle record screening, and defensive driving training complements your hired and non-owned auto insurance. These risk management strategies reduce accidents, lower insurance costs, and protect your employees and clients from harm.
Working with an insurance broker who specializes in home care ensures you obtain appropriate coverage at competitive rates from carriers that understand your industry. Generic insurance agents often lack the expertise to properly structure hired and non-owned auto coverage for home care operations.
The bottom line is simple: hired and non-owned auto insurance is not optional for home care agencies. It’s a fundamental protection that belongs in every agency’s insurance program alongside general liability, professional liability, and workers compensation coverage.
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About Home Care Business Insurance
Home Care Business Insurance specializes exclusively in insurance solutions for home care agencies, home health agencies, and caregivers nationwide. Licensed in all 50 states, we provide comprehensive coverage including general liability, professional liability, workers compensation, cyber liability, and hired and non-owned auto insurance. With over 20 years of experience serving the home care industry, we understand your unique risks and requirements. For more information about home care insurance and industry best practices, visit the National Association for Home Care & Hospice.
